Page 194 - GLOBAL TOURISM CHALLENGES IN 21st CENTURY
P. 194

&$1 6(; 6(*5(*$7,21 (;3/$,1 7+( *(1'(5 3$< *$3
                                                     ,1 (8523("



                                                                                -XOLMDQD $QJHORYVND
                                                                               3HWURXOD 0  0DYULNLRX



                       $EVWUDFW

                       7KH REMHFWLYHV RI WKLV SDSHU DUH FRQFHQWUDWHG LQ LQYHVWLJDWLQJ WKH VH[ VHJUHJDWLRQ E\ HFRQRPLF DFWLYLW\ LQ
                       WKH ODERXU PDUNHW DQG LWV UHODWLRQVKLS WR WKH JHQGHU SD\ JDS DFURVV (XURSH  'LVVLPLODULW\ LQGH[ LV FDOFXODWHG
                       DQG VHFWRUDO JHQGHU EDVHG VHJUHJDWLRQ LQ (8 GXULQJ      ZDV RQ DYHUDJH       PHDQLQJ WKDW     RI WKH
                       HPSOR\HG SRSXODWLRQ ZRXOG QHHG WR FKDQJH HFRQRPLF DFWLYLW\ LQ RUGHU WR KDYH DQ HTXDO GLVWULEXWLRQ RI PHQ
                       DQG  ZRPHQ   7KH  ILQGLQJV  RI  FOXVWHU  DQDO\VLV  VKRZHG  WKH  SDUDGR[  WKDW  VRPH  FRXQWULHV  OLNH  /X[HPEXUJ
                       %HOJLXP  3RODQG KDYH KLJK GLVVLPLODULW\ LQGLFHV DQG ORZHVW SHUFHQWDJH RI JHQGHU SD\ JDS RU 6FDQGLQDYLDQ
                       ZLWK WKH KLJKHVW GLVVLPLODULW\ LQGLFHV KDYH JHQGHU SD\ JDS DURXQG WKH PHDQ RQ WKH (XURSHDQ OHYHO

                       .H\ZRUGV  VH[ VHJUHJDWLRQ  JHQGHU SD\ JDS  HFRQRPLF DFWLYLW\  GLVVLPLODULW\ LQGH[  (XURSH


                       ,QWURGXFWLRQ

                       7KH GLIIHUHQFHV LQ WKH ODERXU PDUNHW EHWZHHQ WKH WZR VH[HV DUH UHFRUGHG LQ YDULRXV
                       OHYHOV  PHQ DUH JHWWLQJ SDLG PRUH WKDQ ZRPHQ  WKH\ ZRUN PRUH KRXUV DQG WKHLU MREV
                       DUH PRUH KLJKO\ HVWHHPHG WKDQ WKRVH RI WKH ZRPHQ  5HVNLQ DQG %LHOE\         7KH
                       WHUPV  VH[ VHJUHJDWLRQ DQG *HQGHU 3D\ *DS  *3*  DUH GRPLQDWLQJ WKH DUHD RI JHQGHU
                       LQHTXDOLW\ LQ WKH ODERXU PDUNHW DQG WKH\ DUH KLJKO\ FRUUHODWHG EHWZHHQ HDFK RWKHU
                          6H[ VHJUHJDWLRQ LV GHILQHG DV WKH XQHTXDO GLVWULEXWLRQ RI PHQ DQG ZRPHQ EDVHG RQ
                       GHPRJUDSKLF  FKDUDFWHULVWLFV  DFURVV  DQG  ZLWKLQ  RFFXSDWLRQV   MREV  RU  HFRQRPLF
                       DFWLYLWLHV  ,Q WKH OLWHUDWXUH  VH[ VHJUHJDWLRQ FDQ EH YHUWLFDO  RU KLHUDUFKLFDO VHJUHJDWLRQ
                       RU  KRUL]RQWDO   9HUWLFDO  VH[ VHJUHJDWLRQ  LV  GHILQHG  DV  LQHTXDOLWLHV  LQ  WKH  JHQGHU
                       GLVWULEXWLRQ EHWZHHQ  GLIIHUHQW  UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV  ZLWKLQ  WKH  VDPH  VHFWRU  RU  RFFXSDWLRQ
                       +RUL]RQWDO VH[ VHJUHJDWLRQ LV GHILQHG DV WKH XQHTXDO GLVWULEXWLRQ RI ZRPHQ DQG PHQ
                       DFURVV YDULRXV VHFWRUV RI HFRQRPLF DFWLYLWLHV RU RFFXSDWLRQV  )RU WKLV VWXG\ DQG IURP
                       QRZ  RQ  VH[ VHJUHJDWLRQ  ZLOO  GHQRWH  KRUL]RQWDO  VH[ VHJUHJDWLRQ  DFURVV  HFRQRPLF
                       DFWLYLWLHV  LQ  (8   7KH  XQDGMXVWHG  JHQGHU  SD\  JDS  DW  (8  OHYHO  LV  GHILQHG  DV  WKH
                       GLIIHUHQFH  EHWZHHQ  DYHUDJH  JURVV  KRXUO\  HDUQLQJV  RI  PDOH  SDLG  HPSOR\HHV DQG RI
                       IHPDOH SDLG HPSOR\HHV DV D SHUFHQWDJH RI DYHUDJH JURVV KRXUO\ HDUQLQJV RI PDOH SDLG
                       HPSOR\HHV  $FFRUGLQJ WR (XURVWDW        ³IRU WKH HFRQRP\ DV D ZKROH  ZRPHQ V JURVV
                       KRXUO\ HDUQLQJV ZHUH RQ DYHUDJH     EHORZ WKRVH RI PHQ LQ      LQ WKH (XURSHDQ
                       8QLRQ  (8     DV ZHOO DV LQ WKH HXUR DUHD  ($    ´  7KLV VWXG\ DLPV WR SUHVHQW WKH
                       UHVXOWV RQ VH[ VHJUHJDWLRQ DQG JHQGHU SD\ JDS EDVHG RQ WKH  /DERXU )RUFH 6XUYH\ RI
                       (XURVWDW      GDWD DQDO\VLV



                       Ϯ -XOLMDQD  $QJHORYNVD   3K '    8QLYHUVLW\  RI  7RXULVP  DQG  0DQDJHPHQW  LQ  6NRSMH
                       )DFXOW\ RI (FRQRPLFV  I< 5HSXEOLF RI 0DFHGRQLD  3HWURXOD 0  0DYULNLRX  3K '
                       )UHGHULFN  8QLYHUVLW\   6FKRRO  RI  (FRQRPLF  6FLHQFHV  DQG  $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ   &\SUXV
                       S PDYULNLRX#IUHGHULFN DF F\



                                                            ϭϴϳ
   189   190   191   192   193   194   195   196   197   198   199