Page 203 - GLOBAL TOURISM CHALLENGES IN 21st CENTURY
P. 203
&RQFOXVLRQ
$V D JHQHUDO FRQFOXVLRQ WKLV VWXG\ VKRZV WKDW VH[ VHJUHJDWLRQ E\ HFRQRPLF DFWLYLW\
SHUVLVWV LQ DOO (XURSHDQ FRXQWULHV )RU WKH (8 DV D ZKROH WKH OHYHO RI VHFWRUDO JHQGHU
EDVHG VHJUHJDWLRQ PHDVXUHG E\ PRVW FRPPRQO\ XVHG GLVVLPLODULW\ LQGH[ ,' UHPDLQV
KLJK RU DERXW RI DOO SHRSOH HPSOR\HG LQ ZRXOG QHHG WR FKDQJH WKH VHFWRU LQ
RUGHU WR EULQJ DERXW D JHQGHU HYHQ GLVWULEXWLRQ RI HPSOR\PHQW +RZHYHU GLIIHUHQFHV
DPRQJ FRXQWULHV DUH ZLGH RU WKHUH LV D JDS RI DERXW SHUFHQWDJH SRLQWV LQ WKH '
LQGH[ EHWZHHQ WKH PRVW VHJUHJDWHG DQG WKH OHDVW VHJUHJDWHG FRXQWU\ 7KH 1RUGLF
ZHOIDUH VWDWHV DUH VWLOO UHJDUGHG DV WKH VWURQJHVW JHQGHU VHJUHJDWHG ODERXU PDUNHWV 7KH
ILYH KLJK VHJUHJDWLRQ FRXQWULHV DUH )LQODQG 6ZHGHQ 1RUZD\ /X[HPEXUJ DQG
%HOJLXP DQG WKH ILYH ORZ VHJUHJDWLRQ FRXQWULHV DUH *UHHFH &\SUXV 5RPDQLD
%XOJDULD DQG +XQJDU\
:H WULHG WR FRQWLQXH LQ H[SODQDWLRQ E\ LQYHVWLJDWLQJ RIILFLDO GDWD KRZ PXFK
KRUL]RQWDO RU VHFWRUDO JHQGHU EDVHG VHJUHJDWLRQ FDQ H[SODLQ JHQGHU SD\ JDS &OXVWHU
DQDO\VLV GLIIHUHQWLDWHG IRXU FOXVWHUV 7KHUH LV SDUDGR[ WKDW VRPH FRXQWULHV OLNH
/X[HPEXUJ %HOJLXP 3RODQG KDYH KLJK GLVVLPLODULW\ LQGLFHV DQG ORZHVW SHUFHQWDJH RI
JHQGHU SD\ JDS RU 6FDQGLQDYLDQ ZLWK WKH KLJKHVW GLVVLPLODULW\ LQGLFHV DQG JHQGHU SD\
JDS LV DURXQG WKH PHDQ RQ WKH (XURSHDQ OHYHO 7KHVH ILQGLQJV GR QRW JLYH H[SODQDWLRQ
WKDW KLJK JHQGHU EDVHG VHJUHJDWLRQ FDQ EH FDXVH RI JHQGHU SD\ JDS ,Q WKLV ZD\ KLJK
OHYHOV RI KRUL]RQWDO VHFWRUDO JHQGHU EDVHG VHJUHJDWLRQ PD\ EH SRVVLEOH ZLWK KLJK
OHYHOV RI JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ LQ WHUPV RI JHQGHU SD\ JDSV DQG IHPDOH UHSUHVHQWDWLRQ LQ
PDQDJHULDO SRVLWLRQV
$FNQRZOHGJPHQW
7KH UHVHDUFK OHDGLQJ WR WKHVH UHVXOWV KDV UHFHLYHG VXSSRUW XQGHU WKH (XURSHDQ
&RPPLVVLRQ¶V WK )UDPHZRUN 3URJUDPPH )3 XQGHU JUDQW DJUHHPHQW
Q ,Q*5,' & ,QFOXVLYH *URZWK 5HVHDUFK ,QIUDVWUXFWXUH 'LIIXVLRQ
5HIHUHQFHV
$QNHU 5 7KHRULHV DQG RFFXSDWLRQDO VHJUHJDWLRQ E\ VH[ $Q RYHUYLHZ
,QWHUQDWLRQDO /DERXU 5HYLHZ 9RO 1R SS
$QNHU 5 0DONDV + DQG .RUWHQ $ *HQGHU EDVHG RFFXSDWLRQDO VHJUHJDWLRQ LQ
WKH ¶V ,Q 3HHN 3 DQG 6KDKHHG = HGV 'HFODUDWLRQ :RUNLQJ 3DSHU
1R *HQHYD ,/2
%DXQDFK ' 0 7UHQGV LQ 2FFXSDWLRQDO 6H[ 6HJUHJDWLRQ DQG ,QHTXDOLW\
WR 6RFLDO 6FLHQFH 5HVHDUFK
%D\DUG . +HOOHUVWHLQ - 1HXPDUN ' 7URVNH . 1HZ HYLGHQFH RQ VH[
VHJUHJDWLRQ DQG VH[ GLIIHUHQFHV LQ ZDJHV IURP PDWFKHG HPSOR\HH HPSOR\HU GDWD
-RXUQDO RI /DERU (FRQRPLFV ±
%HFNHU * 6 UG HG +XPDQ &DSLWDO $ 7KHRUHWLFDO DQG (PSLULFDO
$QDO\VLV ZLWK 6SHFLDO 5HIHUHQFH WR (GXFDWLRQ &KLFDJR 8QLYHUVLW\ RI &KLFDJR
3UHVV
%HFNHU * 6 $ 7UHDWLVH RQ WKH )DPLO\ +DUYDUG 8QLYHUVLW\ 3UHVV ,6%1
ϭϵϲ

